![]() However, during germination, the spring-sowing rice is frequently affected by cold weather when the temperature declines below 12☌ and lasts for more than one week, resulting in lower germination rates and reduced root growth or even complete failure of the total early-season rice ( Liao et al., 2019 Liao et al., 2020). In southern China, rice is cultivated twice a year where light and heat resources are generally enough, i.e., early rice and late rice. Rice is one of the essential staple food crops globally and in China ( Ali et al., 2020), and is cultivated in tropical and subtropical environments ( Sun et al., 2022). However, further studies (transcriptome and proteome) are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in seed priming-induced chilling tolerance under field conditions. Our finding highlighted that better germination of primed-rice seedlings was associated with fresh and dry weights of the roots and shoots and the average root volume of the seedlings.ĭiscussion: Our results suggested that GA 3 (10 mg L −1) and BR (0.3 mg L −1) seed priming prevent rice seedlings from chilling-induced oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme activities and maintaining ABA, GA, MDA, soluble sugar, and protein content. However, a respective reduction of 21% and 18% was noted in MDA and ABA content in GA treatment compared to CK. Similarly, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and GA content were also improved by 42%, 25.74%, 27%, and 19%, respectively, in GA treatment compared to CK. In the second experiment, a respective increase of 26%, 19%, 38%, and 59% was noted in SOD, POD, CAT, and APX enzyme activities in GA treatment compared to CK. Furthermore, the average root volume, average root diameter, and total root surface area were increased by 27%, 38%, and 33% in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL −1), Paclobutrazol (200 mgL −1) and JA (1 mgL −1) treatments, respectively compared to CK. At the same time, root and shoot weights (fresh and dry) were enhanced in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL −1) and GA3 among treatments. Compared to CK, root and shoot length were improved in ABA (0.5 mgL −1) and GA 3 (100 mgL −1) by 64% and 68%, respectively. Results: Results showed that the maximum germination rate of 98% was recorded in GA 3 (10 mgL −1) and BR (0.3 mgL −1) among treatments. Methods: Therefore, we conducted two experiments to evaluate the role of various seed primings and their different concentrations of plant growth regulators and osmopriming substances (chitosan, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and CaCl 2) and experiment 2-GA, BR (two best), CaCl 2 (worst), and control (CK)] on rice seedlings under low temperature condition. Introduction/Background: Direct-seeded rice is exceptionally vulnerable to chilling stress, especially at the seed germination and seedling growth stages in the early season of the double cropping system. 2Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China.1Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.Take care not to break the taproot when transplanting seedlings.-A.Hua Zhang 1,2† Xiaoli Zhang 2† Guoqing Gao 2 Izhar Ali 1 Xiaoyan Wu 1 Maoyan Tang 2 Lei Chen 2 Ligeng Jiang 1* Tianfeng Liang 2* The seed should be planted where they will grow in the garden or in deep pots. Because of its long taproot, Pinewoods Milkweed is not often available for sale. The seed are flat and disc shaped with a tuff of white hair that aids in wind dispersal. The horns are about the same height as the hoods. The corolla is pale pink or lavender in color with reflexed lobes. Flowers are produced in umbels from the axils of the upper leaves. The leaves are angled with the narrow edge of the leaf almost vertical. The leaves are glabrous and glaucous with prominent light-colored veins. The leaves are opposite, sessile and often auriculate, ovate in outline, with entire margins. All portions of the plant release a white milky latex sap when injured. The stems are erect, ascending, or decumbent, round in cross section, green or pinkish in color, glabrous and often glaucous. ![]() One or more stout stems are produced from each root crown. Pinewoods Milkweed occurs in sand hills, on dunes, in scrub oak woods, and in xeric longleaf pine forests. It is native to the southern half of Alabama. Pinewoods Milkweed is a native herbaceous perennial in the Dogbane family (Apocynaceae). Dunes, sandhills, xeric pine/oak woods, and old fields.
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